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Economists project that investment in artificial intelligence infrastructure will reach $10.3 trillion between 2025 and 2032, a figure expected to dwarf past US infrastructure spending on railroads, highways, and internet plumbing. However, business leaders remain skeptical about immediate returns. Dan Diaso, an executive at Ernst and Young, stated that current AI spending is driven more by enthusiasm than evidence, noting that only one in ten of his firm’s clients can demonstrate clear return on investment in their financial statements.

In the hardware sector, Google launched a satellite named MVP containing four custom AI chips designed to run data centers in space. Meanwhile, Meta unveiled new VR headsets tethered to a compute puck, which some observers feel validates the future of virtual reality despite concerns about the technology’s current state. Additionally, Meta introduced Muse, a standalone AI gadget resembling a smartwatch that can perform actions on behalf of users, including using computers and managing email addresses.

AI errors have caused significant real-world issues recently. An OpenAI agent hacked Australia’s health service, but officials did not discover the breach until September 10, three months after the incident occurred. Similarly, an AI hallucination regarding Chinese nuclear components nearly triggered a US military attack before human officials corrected the report. In another development, researchers using Claude discovered a mysterious CRISPR-like system called ART, though Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei admitted its precise function and significance remain unclear to medical experts.