{"id":9612,"date":"2026-06-10T12:01:22","date_gmt":"2026-06-10T12:01:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/?p=9612"},"modified":"2026-06-10T12:01:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T12:01:22","slug":"the-steroid-olympics-were-a-circus-and-a-window-into-our-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/?p=9612","title":{"rendered":"The \u201csteroid olympics\u201d were a circus\u2014and a window into our culture"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-bottom:1em; color:#666; font-size:0.9em;\">\n<strong>Amit Katwala<\/strong><br \/>\n &bull;<br \/>\nJune 10, 2026\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Testosterone. Methenolone. Nandrolone. Human growth hormone and EPO. Meldonium, modafinil, and mixed amphetamine salts. Clomiphene, anastrozole, levothyroxine, and liothyronine. Patches and capsules, creams and pills. A whole galaxy\u00a0of steroids, metabolic modulators, and synthetic hormones coursing through the blood of a few dozen swimmers, sprinters, and weightlifters. And millions of dollars up for grabs for athletes who could break world records and usher in the age of superhumanity.<\/p>\n<p>On Sunday, May 24, at a $50 million arena built in a casino parking lot in Las Vegas, I witnessed a libertarian thought experiment come to life. The inaugural Enhanced Games were the first sporting competition where participants were encouraged to take performance-enhancing drugs. The founders say they\u2019re challenging dated sporting norms and helping to build a world where we can all live better, longer lives. Critics say the event is an embarrassment, that it glamorizes the use of dangerous substances and puts lives at risk.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The open-air venue was compact and decked out in bright blue, with a six-lane, 100-meter track down one side, a four-lane Olympic-length swimming pool down the other, and a weightlifting platform and stage at the front. You could see the golden fa\u00e7ade of the Trump Hotel looming in the background. The scene had all the trappings of an NFL game, with the too-loud music and crowd work on the big screen\u2014a \u201cflex cam\u201d&nbsp; gave the well-muscled an excuse to unveil their biceps. Between events, adverts flashed up for the line of performance products sold by Enhanced, the company behind the event: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2026\/02\/23\/1133522\/peptides-are-everywhere-heres-what-you-need-to-know\/\">injectable peptides<\/a> that supposedly support cellular energy and skin elasticity, daily supplement powders with names like \u201cStronger\u201d and \u201cLonger.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"2000\" width=\"1333\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_205.jpg?w=1333\" alt=\"James Magnussen, wearing his race goggles and cap, stretches his arms above him\" class=\"wp-image-1138620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_205.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_205.jpg?resize=200,300 200w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_205.jpg?resize=768,1152 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_205.jpg?resize=1333,2000 1333w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_205.jpg?resize=1024,1536 1024w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_205.jpg?resize=1365,2048 1365w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"2000\" width=\"1333\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_006.jpg?w=1333\" alt=\"the Enhanced Games stadium from an elevated viewing angle\" class=\"wp-image-1138614\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_006.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_006.jpg?resize=200,300 200w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_006.jpg?resize=768,1152 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_006.jpg?resize=1333,2000 1333w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_006.jpg?resize=1024,1536 1024w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_006.jpg?resize=1365,2048 1365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"imageSet__caption\">Australian swimmer James Magnussen was the first athlete to sign up with Enhanced but hasn&#8217;t broken any world records. He finished last in his two events in Las Vegas.<\/p>\n<p>The day started with the weightlifters, under the blazing sun. But by 4 p.m., only one of them had even attempted a world-record lift. Two had pulled out injured.&nbsp;Some athletes were competing without taking drugs because of the money on offer, and as the competition went on, they had the better of their enhanced peers: Hunter Amstrong, a 25-year-old American swimmer and triple Olympic medalist, won the backstroke by more than a second. In the men\u2019s 100-meter sprint, the non-enhanced US athlete Fred Kerley romped to an easy victory. \u201cMan, they gotta do better than that,\u201d he said of his doped opponents in his post-race interview. \u201cThey need to train a little harder, get on that shit a little bit more.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>At the bar, bodybuilders swapped before-and-after pictures and talked about their stacks, and VCs and finance bros traded LinkedIn details. Lukas Lakutsin, a 6-foot-10, 354-pound Russian bodybuilder who was milling around the entrance to the VIP suites, initially told me he didn\u2019t use any performance-enhancing drugs. Except testosterone replacement therapy, of course. But he didn\u2019t think that really counted. \u201cI\u2019m almost 34 years old,\u201d he said. \u201cI need to do this to stay strong.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_377.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"close up shot of a man's muscled chest\" class=\"wp-image-1138628\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_377.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_377.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_377.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_377.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_377.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The &#8220;protocol&#8221; for Enhanced athletes only includes FDA-approved drugs. While Enhanced\u2019s team might make recommendations, individuals have the final say on what they want to take, if anything.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Jeremy Sigal, an influencer and author, wore a USA tank top that showed off hugely muscled arms adorned with prison tattoos. He told me he was proudly natural, in both his health and his personal life. \u201cI\u2019ve got an exceptional credit score,\u201d he said. He has written 12 books on marketing and leadership. Later, I looked up his most recent book online. It\u2019s called <em>Simp to Pimp: 10 Steps to Fix Why She\u2019s Not Banging You<\/em> and lists AI as a coauthor.<\/p>\n<p>What I saw in Las Vegas probably wasn\u2019t the future of sport. But it was a perfect encapsulation of our present moment, as Silicon Valley biohackers, alt-right looksmaxxers, Make America Healthy Again boosters, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2026\/01\/30\/1131933\/weird-world-lifespan-extension-gaining-influence-oneill-arpa-h\/\">longevity-obsessed<\/a> scientists all vie to remake reality in their own image. For them, the Enhanced Games offered a glimpse of a future where medical advances push the human race to new heights, and where they never have to get old.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/enhanced-games-freestyle-record-las-vegas-steroids\/\">tracked<\/a> Enhanced\u2019s journey from a crazy idea scribbled on a napkin to a public company valued at $1.2 billion. Behind the scenes, there have been power struggles, life-changing victories, and moments of total farce. As I recently, finally, watched the games unfold, two questions bounced around my head: Were they right? And what does that mean for the rest of us?<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p>In December 2022, the Australian entrepreneur Aron D\u2019Souza flew to Miami to spend New Year\u2019s Eve with his friend and mentor Peter Thiel. A decade earlier, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/ryanmac\/this-is-the-man-who-helped-peter-thiel-demolish-gawker-mr-a\">D\u2019Souza had helped Thiel orchestrate the lawsuit that bankrupted <em>Gawker<\/em><\/a>\u2014a stunning revenge against the gossipy New York media blog that had outed him as gay. Now he was armed with a disruptive idea that he thought Thiel, the billionaire cofounder of PayPal and Palantir, would love. It was inspired by the buff bodies he\u2019d been seeing at the gym, highlighting a disconnect between a workout culture where the use of steroids was an open secret and a sporting establishment where it was, at least on paper, an inviolable taboo.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p>His initial pitch was provocative and confrontational: a grand sporting event to rival the Olympic Games, where competitors could take any substance they wanted\u2014their body, their choice. The first time I met D\u2019Souza, in the spring of 2024, he had founded the company and attracted some initial investment but seemed obsessed with taking on the fat cats at the International Olympic Committee and reinventing sports (even though he didn\u2019t seem to be a huge sports fan himself). On Enhanced\u2019s Discord server, I found a folder full of memes with names like IOC Clowns.jpg. The whole thing felt very unserious.<\/p>\n<p>That would change.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>D\u2019Souza told me that Thiel had previously introduced him to Christian Angermayer, a German biotech billionaire, who would come onboard at Enhanced. He\u2019s funded clinical trials of psychedelics through his company Atai Life Sciences and is helping <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/the-psychedelics-evangelist-a-german-financier-wants-to-turn-magic-mushrooms-into-modern-medicine\/\">bring them into the medical mainstream<\/a> as a treatment for depression and anxiety. Angermayer says he spotted an opportunity to do the same thing for steroids. What he really wants is to redefine medicine, he told me. Its focus has already changed from treating disease to trying to prevent it; actively enhancing people\u2019s health, he says, is just the next logical step.<\/p>\n<p>By early 2024, Angermayer had brought his own people into key roles. The team included Michael Sagner, an anti-aging expert and private doctor who <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thetimes.com\/uk\/london\/article\/beauty-clinics-a-listers-capital-6xt06w5cb?eafs_enabled=false\">works<\/a> with many of Hollywood\u2019s leading men, and Max Martin, who has the jawline and cheekbones of an Instagram looksmaxxing influencer and the boundless enthusiasm of a puppy. (He started his own enhancement program a few years ago, when he was just 27.) Sagner would head up Enhanced\u2019s medical commission, making sure the games were safe for the athletes. It was Martin\u2019s job to make sure they actually happened.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3EE4Y3W.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"a group of men in business suits posing at the desk of the NYSE\" class=\"wp-image-1138613\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3EE4Y3W.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3EE4Y3W.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3EE4Y3W.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3EE4Y3W.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3EE4Y3W.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">In early May, Enhanced began trading on the New York Stock Exchange with an initial value of $1.2 billion. Christian Angermayer stands far right with Max Martin to his left (front row), and Aron D&#8217;Souza next to him.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">LEV RADIN\/ZUMA PRESS WIRE VIA ALAMY<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Tensions sparked as D\u2019Souza\u2019s freewheeling style clashed with the more sensible image that Sagner and others were now keen to present. \u201cIt was not just his personality and his abrasive way of talking,\u201d Sagner told me recently. \u201cEven when he was briefed on a scientific fact, he would just completely ignore it and say something outrageous.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But the more outrageous D\u2019Souza got, the more attention his idea received. In February 2024, James Magnussen, a retired Australian swimmer, became the organization\u2019s first official athlete, and Enhanced promised to pay a million dollars to him, or anyone else, who could break the world record in the 50-meter freestyle.<\/p>\n<p>The notion of a \u201csteroid olympics,\u201d as many have dubbed the Enhanced Games, had been kicking around for decades\u2014for instance, in a <em>Wired<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2004\/04\/steroids-for-everyone\/\">article<\/a> from the early 2000s and an <em>SNL<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=jAdG-iTilWU\">sketch<\/a> from the 1980s. Two things helped finally make the Enhanced Games a reality. First, in November 2024, Donald Trump was again elected president of the United States. The Biden administration had been actively hostile to the games, but the founders saw a more receptive political environment in Trump world. Not long after the election, Enhanced announced a new tranche of funding led by 1789 Capital, a venture capital firm whose partners include Donald Trump Jr.<\/p>\n<p>And second, in February 2025, an enhanced swimmer finished the 50-meter freestyle faster than anyone in human history. It wasn\u2019t Magnussen, though. He had been injecting himself with testosterone to grow muscle, plus a cocktail of peptides that aimed to speed up recovery\u2014but his journey hadn\u2019t quite worked the way he\u2019d planned. <\/p>\n<p>A combination of reputational issues (no pools wanted to host his training) and physical complications (the regimen did help him get stronger, but he packed on so much muscle that it slowed him down in the water) meant he watched from the sidelines as the Bulgarian-Greek swimmer Kristian Gkolomeev\u2014who had finished fifth at the Paris Olympics in 2024\u2014came in two-hundredths of a second under the record and won a million-dollar payout from Enhanced. The idea has always been that breaking records would effectively prove the legitimacy of this enhancement project: <em>Look what we can do now<\/em>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_249.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"Over the shoulders of Shane Ryan (left) and James Magnussen (right) as they sit and talk poolside\" class=\"wp-image-1138622\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_249.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_249.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_249.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_249.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_249.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Enhanced swimmers like Magnussen (right) wore supersuits to compete, though they&#8217;ve been banned by World Aquatics since 2010.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_050.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1138615\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_050.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_050.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_050.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_050.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_050.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Gkolomeev, though, had a different motivation for participating: \u201cOne successful year in the Enhanced Games and I could make as much as I would in almost 10 careers,\u201d he told me not long after setting the new record (notably, wearing a kind of \u201csupersuit\u201d that\u2019s been banned by World Aquatics since 2010). Enhanced was paying its athletes a regular salary, on top of any potential bonus. And he had a young family to support and feared that the four-year stretch to the next Olympics would be long and precarious.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In May 2025, with a world record in the bag and a friendly administration in the White House, Enhanced was ready to announce its first games: They\u2019d take place in May 2026 at Resorts World in Las Vegas.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>At the same time, D\u2019Souza made another big reveal: Enhanced Performance Products, a line of supplements available for a monthly subscription. The Enhanced Games now seemed less like a sporting event and more like a loss leader for selling testosterone injections, GLP-1s, or a range of peptides that are claimed, with little scientific evidence, to improve sleep or skin elasticity. Perhaps it was all a brilliantly executed marketing stunt. <\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe games themselves now seem almost secondary to what appears to be an online marketplace for hormones, peptides, and other performance-enhancing compounds,\u201d says Astrid Kristine Bj\u00f8rnebekk, a steroids expert at Oslo University Hospital. \u201cFrom my perspective, this significantly changes the nature of the project. It is one thing to organize a closed sporting event built around controversial principles, but openly marketing and commercializing substances such as testosterone, hGH, GLP-1 drugs, peptides, and other pharmacological compounds is something else entirely.\u201d<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p>As the games approached, more athletes joined. Some were genuinely elite. The US sprinter Kerley\u2014who is serving a two-year ban for missing three drug tests\u2014had won silver in the 100 meters in the Tokyo Olympics and a bronze in Paris. Ben Proud, a British swimmer, had won silver at the Paris Olympics and dozens of medals at world and European championships and the Commonwealth Games. He had been mulling over joining the Enhanced Games ever since the idea first emerged, but the tipping point seemed to come when Gkolomeev\u2019s record was announced.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Some participants, like Magnussen and another swimmer, Megan Romano, had been tempted out of retirement. Romano hadn\u2019t swum competitively for almost a decade. Others were at the start of their careers but ready to cash in their chips and bid goodbye to Olympic dreams for a potential six-figure payday. The $1 million payouts were reserved for records in the two flagship events\u2014the 50-meter freestyle and the 100-meter sprint\u2014but winning any other event would mean a prize of $250,000, with an additional $250,000 bonus for setting a world record. <\/p>\n<p>Athletes would get paid even if they just showed up and finished last\u2014as much as $50,000. This is all on top of the salaries that stretched into six figures in some cases, making the payout from the games more than many athletes make in a year.<\/p>\n<p>Sport\u2019s governing bodies reacted to each new athlete announcement with fury. World Aquatics threatened to ban for life any athlete who participated in the games, even if they didn\u2019t take any drugs. Enhanced responded with an $800 million antitrust lawsuit against the global swimming organization, the World Anti-Doping Agency, and USA Swimming, alleging misuse of monopoly power.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_260.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"Emmanuel Matadi (left) and Fred Kerley (right) running on the track\" class=\"wp-image-1138623\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_260.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_260.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_260.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_260.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_260.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">American Fred Kerley (right) won the 100-meter sprint without performance enhancing drugs.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>In November 2025, a court in New York dismissed the case. Three days later, D\u2019Souza, the mind behind the entire project, was out. A notice on Enhanced\u2019s website said he had \u201ctransitioned out of the company&#8217;s day-to-day operations.\u201d Martin would take over as CEO. \u201cThe investors basically said we need someone a bit more serious,\u201d Sagner told me. In conversations, execs at Enhanced played down any suggestion of a feud\u2014D\u2019Souza was simply the ideas man, with little interest in the day-to-day dreariness of actually running a company. (Enhanced spokesperson Chris Jones wrote in a statement that \u201cthere is no tension between Aron and Enhanced that I\u2019m aware of.\u201d D\u2019Souza did not respond to a request for comment.)<\/p>\n<p>I got the sense that Enhanced, in its new iteration as a pharmaceutical subscription company, was almost embarrassed by the games. When I visited <a href=\"http:\/\/enhanced.com\">enhanced.com<\/a> a couple of months before the event, they had been relegated to a sub-heading on the home page. D\u2019Souza\u2019s showmanship had helped get attention for what was becoming a run-of-the-mill telehealth business like Hims &amp; Hers\u2014albeit one well timed to take advantage of a shifting regulatory landscape around peptides, which Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the US secretary of health and human services, has been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2026\/03\/31\/nx-s1-5768206\/peptides-rfk-fda-compounding-pharmacies\">pushing<\/a> the FDA to approve despite a lack of evidence that they\u2019re actually effective.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Sagner is still loosely involved with Enhanced, but he says the medical commission was not consulted before it launched its line of performance products. (Jones did not respond to a question regarding this claim.) Sagner is scathing about what he sees as the \u201chype\u201d around peptides. \u201cI can tell you already, peptides do nothing,\u201d he says\u2014with the exception of human growth hormone and GLP-1. \u201cThe peptides that people use, black-market peptides that they buy online\u2014they do nothing. We have tested them; 80% of them contain nothing. It\u2019s saline solution, salt water, and some of them are contaminated.\u201d<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p>At the end of January 2026, a group of around 40 swimmers, weightlifters, and sprinters arrived in Abu Dhabi to start their individualized enhancement \u201cprotocol,\u201d as Enhanced calls it. Officially, they would be taking part in a clinical trial, pending approval by the Abu Dhabi government and overseen by Guido Pieles, a Qatar-based cardiologist who has taken over the reins of Enhanced\u2019s medical commission from Sagner.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_148b.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"Canadian weightlifter Boady Santavy strains to lift a barbell which is currently level with his hips\" class=\"wp-image-1138679\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_148b.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_148b.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_148b.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_148b.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_148b.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The day started with the weightlifters, but by late afternoon, only one of them had even attempted a world-record lift.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>They would be allowed to choose only from a menu&nbsp; of specific FDA-approved drugs. Pieles broke them down into five categories: testosterone variants and growth hormones, which can both boost muscle mass; metabolic modulators that can tweak how the body burns fat; stimulants like Adderall to improve focus; and EPO, which can increase the amount of oxygen the blood is able to carry. While Enhanced\u2019s team might recommend particular things, the athletes would have the final say on what they wanted to take, if anything. (As Oslo University\u2019s Bj\u00f8rnebekk points out, FDA approval \u201cdoes not mean the substances are inherently safe, particularly not when used for enhancement purposes.\u201d)&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>There would be regular blood tests, heart scans, and brain scans and access to the best training facilities money could buy. Pieles and others say the clinical trial will help inform the line of supplements Enhanced is offering consumers, but there\u2019s actually very little overlap between the drugs the athletes were taking and the substances the company is currently selling.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Not long after they arrived in the Middle East, the athletes were awakened by the sound of explosions at a military base near their hotel. The US and Israel had struck Iran, and the Iranian regime was responding by peppering the region with missiles. \u201cIt wasn\u2019t a pleasant situation,\u201d says Andrii Govorov, the world record holder in the 50-meter butterfly, who a year earlier had become one of the first swimmers to join Enhanced. Govorov had some experience in these matters\u2014back in Ukraine, he\u2019d had a business selling cars that helped fund his swimming career, but he\u2019d lost it after the Russian invasion.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"2000\" width=\"1334\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_078.jpg?w=1334\" alt=\"Cody Miller standing by the pool in profile\" class=\"wp-image-1138617\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_078.jpg 2001w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_078.jpg?resize=200,300 200w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_078.jpg?resize=768,1151 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_078.jpg?resize=1334,2000 1334w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_078.jpg?resize=1025,1536 1025w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_078.jpg?resize=1366,2048 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1334px) 100vw, 1334px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_101.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"attendees sitting in the bleachers\" class=\"wp-image-1138618\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_101.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_101.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_101.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_101.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_101.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height:3.5em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_359.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"close-up of the calloused and powdered hands of a weightlifter with remnants and marks left by the tape.\" class=\"wp-image-1138627\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_359.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_359.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_359.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_359.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_359.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"imageSet__caption\">Swimming, sprinting, and weightlifting were the focus of the first Enhanced Games but in many ways the sports were the sideshow.<\/p>\n<p>The conflict exacerbated delays in getting approval for the clinical trial and sourcing the drugs, and as a result, what was supposed to be a 12-week enhancement protocol got cut down to eight weeks. The athletes didn\u2019t actually start taking the drugs until toward the end of March. For those who had always been clean, that represented the irreversible crossing of a line. \u201cThe first injection was very emotional, very tricky to navigate,\u201d says Proud. \u201cFor me, that was the day I went from the Ben Proud that I always knew to a new person.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Proud was joined in the enhancement program by his girlfriend, Emily Barclay, who had swum at college level without ever appearing at a major international event; she was working as a swimming teacher at a school in England. After that first injection, they left Abu Dhabi and spent a few days in Dubai as they reckoned with what they had done. \u201cI just couldn\u2019t be around the team,\u201d Proud says. \u201cI wanted to be by myself and feel those feelings, because it is a big deal to make that step, and I felt it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Those feelings were soon forgotten, though, as the drugs kicked in. Proud says he had incredible energy, and a drive to train that he hadn\u2019t experienced before. Shania Collins, an American sprinter, says she had \u201cincreased strength, increased recovery, and increased mental clarity at practice.\u201d Sagner and several athletes admitted there were some side effects: acne and some swelling around the joints; unwanted hair growth for the women, unwanted hair loss for the men.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_517.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"close-up of runner Tristan Evelyn in profile\" class=\"wp-image-1138633\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_517.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_517.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_517.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_517.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_517.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Like Kerley, sprinter Tristan Evelyn from Barbados competed without taking any drugs. She too won big in Vegas, besting her Enhanced peers in two events.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>One thing the athletes wouldn\u2019t talk about, though, is what drugs they were actually taking. They all had the same reason: not wanting to encourage copycats who might take enhancements without a doctor on hand to tailor programs to their needs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The one exception was Thor Bj\u00f6rnsson (testosterone, deca-durabolin, anastrozole, halotestin), a hulking Icelandic deadlifter and former World\u2019s Strongest Man who played The Mountain on <em>Game of Thrones<\/em>. Bj\u00f6rnsson first heard about the games on Joe Rogan\u2019s podcast and was immediately interested. The rules for strongman competitions are somewhat less stringent than those for Olympic sports, though, and he actually had to reduce the number of substances he was taking to meet Enhanced\u2019s FDA requirements.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"2000\" width=\"1333\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_420.jpg?w=1333\" alt=\"Haf\u00fe\u00f3r J\u00fal\u00edus Bj\u00f6rnsson holding a barbell at mid thigh\" class=\"wp-image-1138630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_420.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_420.jpg?resize=200,300 200w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_420.jpg?resize=768,1152 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_420.jpg?resize=1333,2000 1333w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_420.jpg?resize=1024,1536 1024w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_420.jpg?resize=1365,2048 1365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Icelandic strongman Thor Bj\u00f6rnsson actually had to reduce the number of substances he was taking to meet Enhanced\u2019s FDA requirements.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p>There is some debate over how much doping some of the athletes were actually doing. In a conversation last year, Gkolomeev told me he\u2019d only really been \u201cmicrodosing,\u201d and he confirmed that his 2026 enhancement program was largely the same. Sagner says the doses the athletes were taking were a fraction of the amounts some Olympic athletes had been caught using in the past. I heard that a few athletes had decided not to take steroids or growth hormones and were only using modafinil, a narcolepsy medication that\u2019s thought to improve focus. <\/p>\n<p>The day before the games, I asked Angermayer what it would mean if clean athletes like Kerley and Armstrong won their events\u2014what impact it would have on Enhanced\u2019s business model of using sports as a showcase for its line of performance products if the people using those products didn\u2019t actually win anything. \u201cI know what you mean, but mostly our business model is headlines to drive attention,\u201d he said. \u201cAny debate is good for us.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In early May, Enhanced began trading on the New York Stock Exchange with an initial value of $1.2 billion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p>That same week, it was finally go time. The athletes and coaches left Abu Dhabi and flew to Las Vegas, where they were put up in five-star luxury at the Conrad hotel inside Resorts World while they made their final preparations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>When I got there a few weeks later, toward the end of May, I found it jarring to see these hulking presences walking around the casino in their Enhanced sportswear, weaving their way through packs of half-drunk tourists, with slot machines flashing in the background and cigarette smoke hanging in the air. I had expected the games to be a bigger deal within the city itself, but they were just one of a thousand things happening in Vegas that weekend\u2014drowned out by a series of BTS shows at the football stadium, by the Golden Knights in the NHL playoffs, by No Doubt\u2019s residency at the Sphere. <\/p>\n<p>If this was a sporting earthquake, it was one whose tremors were mainly being felt online, where bodybuilding influencers livestreamed to their followers on Kick and Twitch, and where thousands watched on YouTube and Rumble. (D\u2019Souza once told me he\u2019d had \u201cevery major sports broadcaster\u201d vying for the rights; in the end, Enhanced struck an exclusive streaming deal with Roku in the US.)&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_381.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"A group of well-heeled guests in the VIP area face left to pose for a photographer\" class=\"wp-image-1138629\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_381.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_381.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_381.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_381.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_381.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">No tickets were sold, so the crowd was a mix of invited guests, investors, and influencers, some of whom had reportedly been flown in on a chartered jet. <\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>On the morning of the games, Enhanced held a medical symposium that was supposed to provide a taste of the company\u2019s long-term objectives. The first speaker was Bryan Johnson, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2025\/05\/05\/1116090\/bryan-johnson-new-religion-body-is-god\/\">longevity-obsessed entrepreneur<\/a> famous for plowing his personal fortune into wild attempts to reverse his aging: receiving transfusions of his teenage son\u2019s plasma, measuring his nighttime erections, taking more than 100 supplement pills a day. He spends $2 million per year on all this, but he looked pale and vampiric as he delivered the slightly off-brand message that, really, the most important thing was getting a good night&#8217;s sleep: \u201cYou don\u2019t need to chase IV infusions; you don\u2019t need to chase crystals. You don\u2019t really need to do much of anything.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>At 2 p.m., I took two escalators from the conference room down to the arena, where spectators were filtering in. Though it had cost $50 million, it had been constructed in just three and a half weeks, and it showed; on the media tour the previous day, there were still loose screws on the floor of the bleachers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>There were a few thousand seats in an open grandstand down one side, and two rows of VIP suites on the other. No tickets were sold, so it was a strange mix of invited guests, investors, and influencers, some of whom had reportedly been flown in from Los Angeles on a chartered jet. The rapper Tyga was the biggest name to grace the \u201cblue carpet,\u201d although I did also spot Fabio James, a Michael Jackson look-alike who has had surgery to make the resemblance even stronger. Rumors swirled that Peter Thiel might show up; they proved unfounded.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"1951\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_458.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"looking up at a balcony of excited attendees including a person at center who is dressed to resemble Michael Jackson.\" class=\"wp-image-1138631\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_458.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_458.jpg?resize=300,195 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_458.jpg?resize=768,499 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_458.jpg?resize=1536,999 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_458.jpg?resize=2048,1332 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">In attendance was Fabio James, a Michael Jackson look-alike who has had surgery to make the resemblance even stronger.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>A few hours before the doors opened, journalists got a stern message from the organizers trying to bar us from interviewing guests. Still, I talked to a Cambridge professor who wanted to use Enhanced as a case study in innovation for his MBA students, a retired Brazilian swimmer with the Olympic rings tattooed on his forearm, and a biotech investor wearing an Enron hat. Proud\u2019s family and friends were sheltered from the blazing sun in the shadow of the big screen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019Souza was nowhere to be seen. Nor was he really mentioned at all\u2014not during the introductory press conference, where Martin was introduced as the \u201cfounder of the Enhanced Games,\u201d nor during the event itself, where the athletes showered praise on Angermayer and Martin. But the tens of millions D\u2019Souza had banked from the stock listing likely softened any blow. Plus, he\u2019s already moved on to his next provocative <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cityam.com\/meet-the-startup-backed-by-peter-thiel-that-wants-to-hold-journalists-to-account\/\">venture<\/a>: an AI-powered arbitration platform designed to scrutinize the work of journalists on behalf of the rich and powerful.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p>As the sun set behind the hills, casting the arena in soft gold light, there were still no world records. That and the wins for clean athletes seemed to put the whole Enhanced project in jeopardy\u2014the knives were already being sharpened online. I asked the organizers whether this threatened the legitimacy of the project.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_550.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"A wet Marius Kusch lays on the ground grimacing as though his eyes are stinging\" class=\"wp-image-1138634\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_550.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_550.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_550.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_550.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_550.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">German swimmer Marius Kusch was among the dozen or so athletes who hit personal bests in Vegas. <\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cOur response is that enhancements help athletes improve and, in some cases, break records. And yes, some non-enhanced athletes also won\u2014because talent and ability also matter,\u201d Enhanced\u2019s Jones emailed last week. \u201cBreaking world records is incredibly hard as the margin is infinitesimal, as we witnessed. Ignoring that 13 athletes some of whom 10 years later broke personal bests is disingenuous and selective reporting.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Megan Romano was one of them, swimming faster in the 50-meter freestyle at 35 than she had at 22. And Emily Barclay knocked two seconds off her fastest time in the 100-meter freestyle, coming in second in that event and winning the 50-meter freestyle; she went home with a check for $375,000. \u201cNo one\u2019s ever heard of this girl,\u201d said Enhanced swim coach Brett Hawke afterwards. \u201cShe\u2019s retired; she\u2019s a nobody. She comes out tonight and swims a time that would have got a bronze medal in Paris.\u201d For all the talk of \u201csuperhumanity\u201d and pushing the boundaries of performance, making a 35-year-old feel 22 again is probably the perfect marketing message for the products Enhanced wants to sell.<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2001\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_628.jpg?w=2999\" alt=\"Megan Romano stands on the winners area, holding aloft her trophy while Christian Angermeyer and other Enhanced Game participants clap for her.\" class=\"wp-image-1138635\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_628.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_628.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_628.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_628.jpg?resize=1536,1025 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_628.jpg?resize=2048,1366 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Angermayer cheers on swimmer Megan Romano, who swam faster in the 50-meter freestyle at 35 than she did at 22.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Enhanced\u2019s executives say people should take enhancements only with medical supervision, but price could be a barrier to heeding that advice. The battery of health tests the company was giving its athletes in the run-up to the games cost $25,000 per athlete per month. The drugs themselves start at $75 a month and go up toward $200. While Jones says the products \u201care in line with industry price points,\u201d there were almost certainly people watching who saw the drug-altered physiques of athletes like Gkolomeev or Magnussen and decided to find cheaper, less safe alternatives on unlicensed websites. <\/p>\n<p>\u201cMany of these substances require medical supervision and prescriptions, and several are associated with potentially serious long-term health consequences,\u201d says Bj\u00f8rnebekk. \u201cPresenting them in this lifestyle-oriented and commercial format risks normalizing use while downplaying the medical risks and uncertainties.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"2000\" width=\"1333\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_235.jpg?w=1333\" alt=\"Kristian Gkolomeev with his arm raised\" class=\"wp-image-1138621\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_235.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_235.jpg?resize=200,300 200w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_235.jpg?resize=768,1152 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_235.jpg?resize=1333,2000 1333w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_235.jpg?resize=1024,1536 1024w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_235.jpg?resize=1365,2048 1365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Although his world record-breaking time won&#8217;t stand as the official record, swimmer Kristian Gkolomeev will walk away from the Enhanced Games with a million dollar prize in the 50-meter freestyle.<\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Before the night was over,&nbsp; Gkolomeev again had the chance to right the Enhanced ship. The final event of the night was the men\u2019s 50-meter freestyle swim. His 2025 time had been surpassed by the Australian swimmer Cam McEvoy (without a supersuit) at the China Swimming Open a couple of months before, so he needed to lose another two-hundredths of a second to beat the new record of 20.88 seconds.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Gkolomeev was wearing the same supersuit he\u2019d used the previous year, and he\u2019d shaved off his mustache for a little extra streamlining. But he messed up his start\u2014doing four kicks instead of five\u2014and was trailing Proud at the halfway mark. His long arms levered him forward, though, and he reached the wall in 20.81. The spectators were on their feet as \u201cWORLD RECORD\u201d flashed red on the big screen. Martin vaulted over the glass partition from the VIP suites, beaming, to embrace Gkolomeev. They had their record.<\/p>\n<p>Or did they? Online, people shared screenshots from the video feed, purporting to show that the clock had stopped before Gkolomeev\u2019s hand touched the pressure sensor at the end of the pool. An Enhanced spokesperson gave a statement to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/sport\/2026\/may\/25\/enhanced-games-world-record-drugs-in-sport-kristian-gkolomeev\"><em>Guardian<\/em><\/a> dismissing this as \u201ccompletely unfounded internet drivel.\u201d But hey\u2014live by the sword, die by the sword. It\u2019s quite possible Gkolomeev didn\u2019t care. He had another million in the bank.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It remains to be seen if it\u2019ll work out so well for the other athletes. Enhanced organizers recently announced a prize of $10 million for anyone who can break Usain Bolt\u2019s 100-meter world record in 2027. They are adamant that the games will happen again next year. If they don\u2019t, dozens of sporting careers will be over, and the athletes will join the long list of victims of VC-backed disruption.<\/p>\n<p>My personal prediction is that Enhanced will pivot away from the risk and uncertainty of a flagship event\u2014the company\u2019s valuation plunged by almost $800 million when markets opened after what was perceived as an underwhelming set of results in Vegas. I expect you\u2019ll see individual stunts and challenges, tightly controlled and filmed for virality and probably featuring your favorite YouTubers\u2014think Bj\u00f6rnsson bench-pressing Jake Paul.<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019Souza\u2019s initial idea has served its purpose by capturing the world\u2019s attention. But that won\u2019t necessarily translate into success either. Though the company has had plenty of hype over the last 12 months, SEC filings published as part of its stock exchange listing reveal that it generated only $2,755 in revenue from its enhancements business in the first three months of 2026. Would what happened in Vegas be enough to juice sales?<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_071.jpg?w=3000\" alt=\"Max Martin with his mouth open wide to cheer from the VIP stands\" class=\"wp-image-1138616\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_071.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_071.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_071.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_071.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_071.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Martin, Enhanced&#8217;s CEO, cheers on athletes from the stands. Company leadership insists the competition will take place again next year. <\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>As the athletes gathered on the stage to receive their prizes, Martin took the microphone and addressed the crowd. \u201cEnhanced is culture,\u201d he said. \u201cWe are at the pulse of where the world is going.\u201d On this, at least, he\u2019s probably right. Testosterone replacement therapy is rapidly moving into the mainstream, and while the science may still not be there on peptides, they have certainly exploded in popularity in the two years since Enhanced launched. And there are undoubtedly more substances yet to be discovered that will promise to improve people\u2019s lives, or at least hold their appearance in stasis. The enhanced age is upon us, whether we want it or not.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As the fireworks went off and the Killers<em> <\/em>closed out the event with \u201cWhen You Were Young\u201d (\u201cCongratulations to \u2026 whoever deserves it,\u201d said frontman Brandon Flowers), I wondered what that might mean for us mere mortals. Invoking Hunter S. Thompson\u2019s <em>Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas<\/em> in a story about drugs and Las Vegas may be a clich\u00e9, but it struck me that fear played a big part in all of this. Fear of missing out. Fear of getting old. Fear of never making a dime on your life\u2019s pursuit. Fear of waking up one morning and seeing your flabby, sunken face in the mirror while everyone around you shines and grins and thrives with white-toothed, alien smiles.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"2000\" width=\"1600\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_476.jpg?w=1600\" alt=\"Megan Romano in cap and goggles with her dry robe stands backlit by pink event lighting and stage fog\" class=\"wp-image-1138632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_476.jpg 2400w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_476.jpg?resize=240,300 240w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_476.jpg?resize=768,960 768w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_476.jpg?resize=1600,2000 1600w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_476.jpg?resize=1229,1536 1229w, https:\/\/wp.technologyreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/260524_TechnologyReview_EnhancedGames_476.jpg?resize=1638,2048 1638w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Before joining Enhanced, Romano had not swum competitively in almost a decade. <\/figcaption><div class=\"image-credit\">SAEED RAHBARAN<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>But the big problem with Enhanced\u2019s vision of superhumanity is the question of who gets to join in. \u201cPeople will be able to enhance themselves if they have enough money,\u201d Sagner had told me the night before the games. The rest of us, I fear, will just have to function as normal human beings.<\/p>\n<p><em>Amit Katwala is a journalist and author covering science, culture, and where they collide. His latest book is <\/em>Tremors in the Blood: Murder, Obsession and the Birth of the Lie Detector<em>. He is based in London.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:1.5em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2026\/06\/10\/1138670\/enhanced-games-doping-steroids-hormones-supplements-longevity\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read the full article &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Amit Katwala &bull; June 10, 2026 Testosterone. Methenolone. Nandrolone. Human growth hormone and EPO. Meldonium, modafinil, and mixed amphetamine salts. Clomiphene, anastrozole, levothyroxine, and liothyronine. Patches and capsules, creams and pills. A whole galaxy\u00a0of steroids, metabolic modulators, and synthetic hormones coursing through the blood of a few dozen swimmers, sprinters, and weightlifters. And millions of<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/?p=9612\" class=\"themebutton2\">READ MORE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-artificial-intelligence"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9612","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9612"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9612\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.theck1.no\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}